Anthropic’s Responsible Scaling Policy and the AI Futures Project’s Plan A are not rival answers to one question. They bind to different objects, cost different amounts to build, and break in different places. Two governance proposals arrived this year. Anthropic has revised its Responsible Scaling Policy four times since the February rewrite. The AI Futures Project published AI 2040: Plan A, a recommendation rather than a forecast: a US–China agreement in 2029, total research transparency, ma